108 Divya Desam is known for famous Vishnu temples, where Vishnu followers alwars song the poems about God Vishnu and the temple.In which nine of them in North India 97 is in South India, remaining 2 are believed to be in space namely thiruparkadal, thiruvaikundam. கொண்டைக்கொல்லி வர்மம் – Kondaikolli Varmam; 2. சீறும்கொல்லி வர்மம்.
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varma_Kalai
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Varma Kalai (Tamil: வர்மக்கலை) is a martial art and esoteric healing art originating from ancient Tamil Nadu in South India. The name literally translate as 'The Art of Vital Points'. It is an element of the Tamil martial art Kuttu varisai.[1]
History
Legend has it that Lord Siva taught this art form to his son Lord Murugan and Lord Murugan taught this art to the sage Agastya, foremost of the Siddhar's, during the times of Sangam Literature.[citation needed] He transferred the knowledge of this art to other Siddhar's and he also wrote treatises on this art in Tamil. The presence of shrines to Agathiar in Courtallam suggests that he researched the art there.
Though Varma Kalai has its own form of katas and procedures, it was closely assorted with Kuttu varisai and Kalaripayattu. Knowledge of Varma Kalai was considered vital in both arts to become a Grand Master.[citation needed] The teachers were called as Aasan (Tamil: ஆசான்) and the grand masters were called as Periyaasan (Tamil: பெரியாசன்) or Iyan (Tamil: ஐயன்).
Historically, Varma Kalai has been one of the arts taught to those of royal blood.[citation needed] However, even royalty were required to pass the stringent requirements for discipleship. The schools received nivandhanams (donation with high respect) from the Kings of Tamil Kingdom (Chera, Chola, Pandya and Pallava. Aasan and Periyaasan of Varma Kalai were highly respected.[citation needed]
The art was taught only to selected individuals, but due to the strict requirements for new students it never gained large numbers of adherents. Due to its secretive nature, Varma Kalai remained largely unknown even in India until the release of the movie Indian, in which Kamal Haasan played the role of a Varma Kalai expert. The film's popularity generated a resurgence of interest in the art.[citation needed]
Currently Varma Kalai is practised in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, usually as part of Kuttu varisai and Kalari training.
Requirements for training
Varma Kalai teachers are highly selective in their choice of students. Disciples must meet a number of criteria; beyond martial arts competence they are required to have an understanding of biology, mathematics, political science, astronomy, physics, chemistry, Saamuthriga Lakshanam, Yoga, military tactics, horsmanship, elephant riding, charioteering and Hindu philosophy (Saiva, Vaisnava, Saktha, Koumara, Boutha, Samana) etc. The Varma Kalai martial artist is not allowed to teach the art to others until he receives Deeksha from his Aasan or Periyaasan as in recognition of him as an Aasan.
Hearsays are that the rules were followed sincerely without exception, everyone who wished to learn the art were not qualified to learn. It was taught only to selected individuals who qualified but again all who learned does not qualify to become an Aasan. Also the Aasans and Periyaasans did not pass on few techniques as they never met qualified diciple. It is being said that causes such led to the loss of many great techniques, few Aasans who spoke to media deny that thought. There is also a belief that the art was kept hidden for centuries for various reasons, it seems that Aasans agree to that but there is no sound record on what facts set the art hidden.
Techniques
Varma Kalai is classified into 4 types:
- Thodu Varmam
- 96 Vital Points triggered by a touch. Not deadly, but will affect the victim by disabling the body, organ movements and function.
- Padu Varmam
- 12 Vital Points that are fatal, causing immediate, severe effects upon the victim.
- Thattu Varmam
- Decisive Vital points that are used by the master. These are kept confidential until the master pass on the knowledge to the selected disciple
- Nooku Varmam (also known as) Meitheenda Kalai
- Triggering vital points by focusing/ concentrating on the target. It takes several years of practice for one to become an expert in Nooku Varmam.
In human body there are 108 Varmam's (Vital points) they are:
| Vital Points | Part of Human body |
|---|---|
| 25 | From head to neck |
| 45 | From neck to navel |
| 9 | From navel to arm |
| 14 | Arms |
| 15 | Legs |
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According to Vaidhiya murai (Healing therapy under Siddha medicine) the vital points are explained as:
| Vital Points | Functions |
|---|---|
| 64 | Vadha Varmam |
| 24 | Pitha Varmam |
| 6 | Kaba Varmam |
| 6 | Ul Varmam |
| 8 | Thattu Varmam |
Texts
108 Varmam Tamil Pdf Full
Below listed are some of the Varma Kalai manuscripts:
- Agasthiyar Varma Thiravukol
- Agasthiyar Varma Kandi
- Agasthiyar Oosi Murai Varmam
- Agasthiyar Vasi Varmam
- Varma Odivu Murivu
- Agasthiyar Varma Kannadi
- Varma Varisai
- Agasthiyar Mei Theendakalai